事实锚定 · 不是少说错话,而是说话有出处Grounding · Not Fewer Mistakes, but Traceable Claims
claim → source binding → source removed → status downgraded
事实锚定(Grounding)让输出中的可核查主张绑定到指定数据、工具结果或来源。它不是“少幻觉”的口号,而是一组可追踪、可断开的证据关系。Grounding binds checkable output claims to specified data, tool results, or sources. It is not a slogan about fewer hallucinations; it is a traceable evidence relationship.
01 · 先从日常问题开始01 · Start with an everyday question
一份报告写了三件事实,却只在末尾丢了一个链接——你知道这个链接到底支持哪一句吗?A report makes three factual claims and drops one link at the end. Can you tell which sentence it supports?
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02逐条恢复或移走来源,看主张状态切换Restore or Remove Sources and Watch Claim Status Change
拖动可用来源数drag source count
已锚定主张Grounded claims
—
of 3 claims
证据覆盖率Evidence coverage
—
linked / total
未证实主张Unverified claims
—
must not stay green
03锚定关系由四个零件组成A Grounding Link Has Four Parts
把刚才的变化拆开Map the change to parts
01 · CLAIM
主张Claim
从回答中拆出日期、数量、归因等可核查陈述。Extract checkable statements such as dates, quantities, and attributions.
02 · SOURCE
指定来源Specified source
来源可以是文档片段、数据库记录或工具返回值,但必须明确身份。A source may be a document span, database record, or tool result, but its identity must be explicit.
03 · LINK
逐项绑定Claim-level link
记录哪条来源支持哪条主张,而不是把引用堆在段末。Record which source supports which claim instead of piling citations at paragraph end.
04 · STATUS
动态状态Dynamic status
来源撤销、过期或冲突后,主张状态随证据变化。When a source is removed, expires, or conflicts, claim status follows the evidence.
04最小机制:覆盖率只数真实连接Minimal Mechanism: Coverage Counts Real Links Only
coverage = grounded / claims
coverage = grounded claims / all claims
固定三条主张,来源与主张一一配对。删除来源不会删除句子,却必须删除那条绿色证据连接。Three claims pair one-to-one with three sources. Removing a source does not delete the sentence, but it must delete the green evidence link.
拆出主张Extract claims先确定核查单位define the unit to verify
同步状态Sync status来源变化就降级downgrade when sources change
05边界实验:撤走一切来源Boundary Test: Remove Every Source
主动制造失败Create a failure
句子还在,但所有绿色状态都应消失Sentences remain, but every green status must disappear
清空三个来源。若页面仍把主张显示为“已证实”,系统就把过去的证据状态当成了永久事实。Remove all three sources. If claims remain grounded, the system has mistaken past evidence status for permanent truth.
尚未执行。先在上方改变主变量。Not run yet. Change the main variable above first.
✗ 回答末尾有链接,就算全文有锚定。A link at the end grounds the whole answer. → ✓ 把每条可核查主张绑定到具体来源。Bind each checkable claim to a specific source.
✗ 来源删了,绿色状态可以保留。A claim can stay green after its source is removed. → ✓ 证据变化必须同步改变主张状态。Claim status must follow evidence changes.
✗ 锚定等于模型永远不犯错。Grounding means the model can never be wrong. → ✓ 锚定提供可追踪证据,不替代来源质量判断。Grounding provides traceability, not source quality.
06 · 一句话带走06 · One line to keep
事实锚定把每条可核查主张绑定到明确来源;来源被移走时,主张必须立即降为“未证实”,而不是继续显示绿色。Grounding binds every checkable claim to an explicit source. Remove the source and the claim must immediately become unverified, not stay green.