PART 01
样本Example
散点位置描述被判断的对象。The point position describes the item being judged.
01 · 答案也可能写错01 · Answer keys can be wrong
如果练习册把两道答案印错，认真照答案学习的人会不会反而学歪？If an answer key misprints two answers, can a diligent learner be trained in the wrong direction?
02错标影响实验台Mislabel Impact Bench
标签翻转型Label flip标签总数Labels
8
训练样本training examples
错标Wrong labels
0
对比可信真值vs reviewed truth
边界偏移Boundary shift
0°
相对复核边界from reviewed boundary
虚线 = 可信标签边界；实线 = 当前标签边界。橙圈标出被错贴的样本。Dashed = reviewed-label boundary; solid = current-label boundary. Orange rings mark mislabeled examples.
03标签链条里的 4 个角色Four Roles in a Label Pipeline
证据边界Evidence boundaryPART 02
历史标签Recorded label
系统已有的答案，可能来自旧流程或人工录入。An existing answer may come from an old process or manual entry.
PART 03
可信真值Trusted truth
经过定义和复核、可用于评价的答案。An answer reviewed against a definition and fit for evaluation.
PART 04
训练信号Training signal
模型只看到当前标签，不知道它是否录错。The model sees the supplied label, not whether it was entered correctly.
04最小机制：标签决定误差方向Minimal Mechanism: Labels Set the Error Direction
(x, y)example = (x, y)
x 是样本特征，y 是标签。y 写错时，模型仍会把错误 y
当成应逼近的目标。x is the example's feature input and y is its label. When y is wrong, the model still treats that wrong value
as the target.
翻转标签Flip a label标准答案改变The answer changes
误差方向反转Error reverses正确点被当成错误A correct point looks wrong
边界被拉歪Boundary bends模型服从错误信号The model obeys the bad signal
05边界实验：把记录当真值Boundary Test: Treat Records as Truth
主动制造失败Create a failure让两个错标进入训练Train on two wrong labels
点击后把历史记录原样交给模型，观察边界偏离可信基线多少。Pass the historical record directly into training and inspect how far its boundary moves from the reviewed baseline.
尚未执行。先看虚线与实线重合。Not run yet. The dashed and solid boundaries currently overlap.
✗ 数据库里已有的标签就是真值。An existing database label is ground truth.
→ ✓ 历史标签要经过定义、抽检与复核。Historical labels need definitions, sampling, and review.
✗ 只错两条，影响可以忽略。Two wrong labels cannot matter.
→ ✓ 边界附近的少量错标也可能改变方向。A few boundary cases can still alter the direction.
✗ 模型能自动识别哪个标签写错。The model automatically knows which label is wrong.
→ ✓ 没有额外证据时，错标也是训练信号。Without extra evidence, a wrong label is still a training signal.
06 · 一句话带走06 · One line to keep